3rd Year GNM

GYNAECOLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS Medical Instruments are important for any medical procedure. Medical Instruments list is very important for GNM, B. Sc Nursing or any other Medical Course. Here are some lists of medical instruments name lists. Those medical instruments are also important for obstetrical procedures. Here is the list of gynaecological instruments and their uses. You … Read more

Placenta The placenta is a membranous part of the fetal body attached with the mother’s uterus that provides mainly Oxygen and nutritional supplements. Shape – Discoid Diameter – 15 to 20 cm Thickness – About 3 cm Surface – Maternal and Fetal What is Placenta? Definition: The placenta is a fetomaternal organ that develops in … Read more

CONTRACTED PELVIS What Is Contracted Pelvis? Definition: Anatomical Definition: A contracted pelvis is defined as where essential diameters of one or more planes are shortened by 0.5 cm. Obstetrical Definition: Alteration in size and shape of the pelvis to alter the normal mechanism of labor in an average size baby. Type of Female Pelvis: Gynecoid (50%) … Read more

Fetal Skull Introduction: The fetal skull is made of flat bones. Fetal skull is larger than compared to any other part of the fetal body. The fetal skull consists of a vault, face and base. Fetal Skull Areas of Skull:     ❑ Vertex The area midway between the anterior fontanel (bregma), the two parietal bones and … Read more

Tocolytic Agents ➯Definition of Tocolytic Agents Tocolytic Agents are also called anti-contraction medications or labor suppressants. those agents prevent preterm labor and immature birth by suppressing uterine contractions.   ➯Indications of Tocolytic Agents • Generally 24 gestational weeks onward. • Before 37 weeks of gestation. • Spontaneous premature contraction. • No evidence of infection • No life-threatening ➯Contraindications … Read more

Female Pelvis: True Pelvis and False Pelvis There are 4 types of pelvis humans have. Gynecoid Android Anthropoid Platypelliod Female pelvis are Gynecoid pelvis and the male pelvis are Android pelvis. A gynaecoid pelvis is a very good pelvis for females for childbearing and labor. The female pelvis plays a very vital role in pregnancy … Read more

MTP Act, 1971 ➢Introductions: The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act, 1971, provides an overview of the legislation governing the termination of pregnancies in India. Enacted in 1971 and amended in 2002, the act aims to ensure safe and legal abortions.     ➢Objectives: The primary objective of the MTP Act is to provide a … Read more

Psychological changes in first stage of labour: The first stage of labor is the longest phase. This phase can take 9 hours for primigravida mothers and 5 hours for multigravida mothers. ✩The Changes are listed below:- 1) Cervical Dilation: The cervix begins to open or dilate to allow the baby’s passage through the canal. This … Read more

PARTOGRAPH ✯Definition of Partograph:- A partogram or partograph is a composite graphical record of maternal and fetal data on the progress of labour on a single sheet of paper. ✯Inventor of Partograph:- In, 1954 Friedman prepared the cervicography. In 1972 Philpott and Castle developed the first partograph, by utilizing Friedmar’s cervicograph, and adding the relationship … Read more